AEMCA Practice Exam

In forward collisions, what is the primary factor that produces damage?

1. The difference between the two speeds

2. The sum of both car speeds

3. The design of the vehicles

4. The surface of the road

The correct answer is: The sum of both car speeds

The primary factor that produces damage in forward collisions is the sum of both car speeds. When two vehicles collide, the energy released in the crash is directly related to their combined velocity at the moment of impact. This means that both cars contribute to the severity of the collision. The energy generated increases with the speed of each vehicle, and since kinetic energy is a function of mass and the square of the velocity, crashes involving higher speeds result in more severe damage. In considering other factors, while the difference between the two speeds can influence the nature and direction of the impact, it is ultimately the total combined speed that dictates the overall energy released during a collision. The design of vehicles could impact how well they absorb energy or protect occupants, but does not change the fundamental energy dynamics of the collision. Similarly, the surface of the road could affect traction and stopping distances but isn't a primary factor in damage caused at the point of impact.